He would be asked to pay three times his annual salary to have a third child, the son he’d always wanted. Even when international families attempted adoption, China increased the price to make it unfeasible except for the wealthiest few. Abortion and Infanticide Rates Climb. The one-child policy produced consequences beyond the goal of reducing population growth. The one-child policy was a policy implemented by the Chinese government as a method of controlling the population, mandating that the vast majority of couples in the country could only have one child. The one-child policy, however controversial, should be given some of the credit for these outcomes. This has contributed to China's elevated household savings rate where parents are having to squirrel away money in order to secure a bride for their son. There were certainly family-planning benefits to consider, along with societal assistance in the reduction of population growth rates. So now I will talk about the advantages and disadvantages of one child policy. [1] National Bureau of Statistics China [2] China Health and Nutrition Survey The reality of the one-child policy in China is … 5. The one-child policy, combined with a traditional Chinese preference for having sons, has created a gender imbalance so severe that as of 2015 there were 117 … Referred to as the “4-2-1 Problem,” the structure forced families to seek out charitable support more often than in the past to meet basic needs. Forces abortions and human rights violation. In a 2011 report published by The Guardian, parents who followed the rules of having only one child could receive a monthly stipend from the government. The one-child policy in China caused families to want boys over girls. [9] Qian, N. Quantity-Quality and the One Child Policy: The Only-Child Disadvantage in School Enrollment in Rural China NBER Working Paper No.14973, 2009. They were paying about 4 billion yuan per year, the equivalent of $650 million, to implement the policy. 6. 3. The one-child policy created a care burden for aging parents. Moreover, they claim that the one-child rule has introduced a slew of benefits, including an enhanced ability to deliver healthcare and manage economic growth. It required families to follow specific laws that may not suit their own wishes. By the midpoint of the century, more than a quarter of the Chinese population will be over 65. Extra pension benefits and the first choice of a government job were part of the package. Now a family can have two children. When a couple wanted to have more than one child, they could “get around” the policy by using fertility medication. Although this structure seemed to apply to all families in the country from an outside perspective, about 30% of households were restricted to having one child only. It also creates an important question which societies must answer: should the government have the right to plan the future of your family without your consent? Although girls in China received better opportunities because of the one-child policy, there are fewer women in the country today because of it. Single child = spoilt child. And now, decades after the one-child rule was implemented, the numbers look absolutely damning. This being said, however, the one-child policy has undeniably resulted in unforeseen problems, many of which strongly indicate that tough times lie ahead. The process even allowed students to receive extra points on their entrance exams when they reached middle-school age. In China, this practice has now resulted in a "surplus" of men who have little hope of marrying. It has also led to a boom in the mail order bride business — and prostitution. Some fear that the Chinese labor force has hit its peak and will start to decline in just a few years. Henan registered their 100 millionth resident during the decade of the 2010s while the policy was still enforced. Advantages. Assuming that rate holds, and given another stretch of time in which the one-child rule remains in effect, China could face an unprecedented population drop. Wealthy families in Beijing and Shanghai could easily pay the penalties for having additional children. Inset images: Reuters, Chinese Posters, Reuters, noahpinionblog, joelsyearinchina. Women from an ethnic minority could have up to three children during the enforcement of the legislation. An only child is more independent. Thanks :), more than a quarter of the Chinese population will be over 65. China Daily noted that families becoming pregnant with multiples more than doubled during the period when this legislation was actively enforced. Even with China’s claim that 400 million births were prevented with this policy, that number fits in with the natural declines seen in the developed world. Writing in her book, Unnatural Selection, Mara Hvistendahl notes that, in a natural state, there are 105 boys born for every 100 girls. The China one-child policy was not an expectation placed on the rest of the world. When the child grows, the responsibility to take care of aging parents and grandparents will fall on their shoulders. There are 30 million more men in China today compared to women, which may lead to future economic instability. It was phased out as official legislation in 2015. The Chinese government, looking to keep the country socially and economically healthy, may have little choice but to reform the laws. 8. An only child may grow up lonely. Whyte 2003 presents analyses based upon a survey of parent–adult child relations in a middle range Chinese city in 1994. According to Wang Feng, a demographer and director of the Brookings-Tsinghua Center for Public Policy in Beijing, this points to an astounding low fertility rate below 1.5 children per couple. Most notably, the country’s overall sex ratio became skewed toward males—roughly between 3 and 4 percent more males than females.

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